Using and Conjugating the Spanish Verb Parecer

Parecer is a common verb that has as its basic meaning to seem or to seem like. It can also be used in a variety of ways to express opinions or make judgments. It is an etymological cousin of the English word appear, which can be used in a similar way, as in the phrase it appears that. Using Parecer  With  Descriptions In its most straightforward usage, parecer is used as a way of describing what something is or seems like: Un gobierno de unidad nacional parece difà ­cil de lograrse. (A national unity government seems difficult to accomplish.)Lo que parece ser la verdad para nosotros no necesariamente parecerà ¡ ser la verdad para otros. (What seems to be the truth for us will not necessarily seem to be the truth for others.)Tengo una chupa que parece de cuero y es de plastiquete. (I have a jacket that is  like leather and is made of plastic material.)El agua tibia parece caliente si tocamos primero el agua frà ­a. (Lukewarm water seems hot if we feel cold water first.)Usted no parece saber mucho del trastorno.  (You dont seem to know much about the disorder.) Using Parecer Impersonally It is very common to use parecer as an impersonal verb followed by que. The verb that follows is typically in the indicative mood, although the subjunctive mood follows no parecer. The indicative mood is used with parecer in its positive form because it is used to indicate how something is perceived, not to express doubt as seem often does in English. An exception is  in a sentence such as Parece mentira que hayan pasado 15 aà ±os (It seems impossible that 15 years have gone by), because there doubt and/or an emotional reaction is expressed. Parece que este enlace està ¡ roto. (It looks like this link is broken.)No parece que vaya a llover. (It doesnt look like its going to rain.)De momento parece que no se sabe nada del lanzamiento del producto en Europa. (For now it appears that nothing is known about the products launch in Europe.)Parecà ­a que nada podà ­a mejorarse.  (It seemed like nothing could get better.)Katrina no parece que tenga frà ­o. (Katrina doesnt seem like shes cold.) Using Parecer With an Indirect Object It is very common for parecer to be accompanied by an indirect-object pronoun to indicate how a particular person or persons perceives something to be. This can be one way of conveying opinions, and in many such cases there are better ways of translating parecer other than seem. Me parece que el presidente es un fraude.  (I think the president is a fraud.)Me parece que algo no està ¡ bien. (I feel that something isnt right.) ¿Te parezco triste? (Do I look sad to you?) ¿Por quà © el metal nos parece frà ­o y la lana caliente? (Why does metal feel cold to us and wool warm?)Le parece que està ¡ aumentando la actividad sà ­smica.  (He thinks that seismic activity is increasing.) ¿Quà © os parece el nuevo iPhone? (What do you think of the new iPhone?)No nos parece que à ©ste sea el momento oportuno. (We dont think this is the opportune time.)Me parecà ­a que no era importante.  (I didnt think it was important.) Using Parecer Reflexively In the reflexive form, parecerse can be used to indicate that two or more persons or things are alike in some way: Algunas veces nos parecemos a nuestros padres. (Sometimes were like our parents.)Segà ºn los à ºltimos estudios, los animales se parecen a las personas mucho mà ¡s de lo que imaginamos. (According to the latest studies, animals are much more like people than we imagine.) Parecer as an Infinitive Noun As a noun, the infinitive  parecer usually means opinion: Es el mejor restaurante a mi parecer en Madrid.  (In my opinion its the best restaurant in Madrid.)Queremos que expreses tu opinion sobre el diseà ±o. (We want you to express your opinion on the design.) Conjugation of Parecer Keep in mind that parecer is irregularly conjugated, following the pattern of conocer. All irregular forms are shown below in boldface: Present indicative: parezco, pareces, parece, parecemos, parecà ©is, parecen (I seem, you seem, etc.) Present subjunctive: que parezca, que parezcas, que parezca, que parezcamos, que parezcà ¡is, que parezcan (that I seem, that you seem, etc.) Affirmative imperative: parece tà º,  parezca usted, parezcamos nosotro/as, pareced vosotros/as, parezcan ustedes (seem) Negative imperative: no  parezca  usted,  no parezcas  tà º,  no  parezcamos nosotros/as, no  parezcà ¡is  vosotros/as, que  parezcan  ustedes (dont seem)

Toyota Motor Manufacturing Case Study Essay - 1288 Words

Main problem: Toyota Motor Manufacturing, U.S.A. (TMM) is deviating from the standard assembly line principle of jidoka in an attempt to avoid expenses incurred from stopping the production line for seat quality defects. This deviation has contributed to the inability to identify the root cause of the problem, which has led to decreased run ratios on the line and an excess of defective automobiles in the overflow lot for multiple days. If this problem isn’t fixed quickly, an increased amount of waste will continue to be incurred and customer value will be threatened. Analysis: Friesen is truly struggling to find a way to â€Å"have his cake and eat it too†. Friesen is passionate about TPS ways of achieving lean manufacturing by staying†¦show more content†¦2. Immediately cease the deviation to production process and go back to jidoka and the andon pull standards, which would mean stopping production when defective seats are encountered. 3. 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And, since this alternative might not utilize those employees that are closest to the production line, there is a large risk that the root cause of the problem will never be uncovered. TPS philosophy stands by the fact that the employees are their greatest asset, as they have been trained to get the root of the problem. ByShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Toyota Motor Manufacturing1456 Words   |  6 PagesProblem Statement Toyota Motor Manufacturing USA, Inc is dealing with an increasing problem regarding seat supply, and one of the main reasons for this issue is due to seat defects. This has led to a decreased run ratio on the line, as well as resulting in the rising number of vehicles sitting off line with defective seats or no seats at all thus requiring overtime to make up for the loss of production. 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Taxation Law Tax Governance Issues

Question: Discuss about the Report for Taxation Law of Tax Governance Issues. Answer: Introduction: The assignment mainly helps in depicting the overall complexity of the current tax system used in Australia. Furthermore, it also helps in evaluating the multiple policies that are currently being used by Australian tax system to transfer tax. In addition, the novice effectively evaluates the limitation of the current tax receiving system that is being used in Australia. Moreover, the overall tax and transfer architecture that is used by the Australian government is losing its friction and beginning to decrease its efficiency rate. Evaluating the multiple policies used in the Australian Tax and transfer system: The figure in Appendix mainly helps in providing details about the policies, which are used in the tax transfer system. However, the complex tax and transfer system mainly helps in enforcing laws, which might reduce unethical practises conducted by individuals and companies. In this context, Golladay and Haveman (2013) mentioned that adequate involvement of latest softwares mainly help in increasing user-friendly approach of the tax transfer system. On the other hand, Whiteford (2014) criticises that without adequate training complex system might lose its friction and increase dissatisfaction among users. Furthermore, the overall complex transfer and tax system mainly helps in achieving the following objectives. In addition, the overall tax and transfer system mainly helps in reducing the unethical practises conducted by individuals and companies. Moreover, the complex policies and transfer system effectively help in minimizing tax evasions conducted by its citizens. Herault and Azpitarte (2015) mentioned that strict rules and legislations mainly help in gathering a higher tax from individuals and companies. However, James et al. (2015) argued that some companies use auditors to indentify loopholes in taxation and accoutring policies to reduce their overall tax. In addition, the overall tax and transfer system mainly helps in identifying the adequate tax amount, which needed to be paid by individuals and companies. Furthermore, the complex tax and transfer system also helps in limiting the unethical practises, which in turn increases the overall tax collection from Australian citizens. Moreover, the current system used by the Australian government mainly helps in identifying specific tax for each items and income, which needs to be paid by corporate. Koethenbuerger (2014) cited that increased efficiency of the tax system mainly helps in reducing loopholes used for tax evasion. Nevertheless, Stokes and Wright (2013) criticises that complicity of tax transfer system mainly reduces user friendliness of the software and affects the overall acculturation of tax. The main aim of the current Australian tax and transfer system is to provide relative details about the different types of tax, which needs top paid by the corporate and individuals. In addition, the system mainly aims in being user-friendly by accommodating all the policies that are being adopted by the Australian government. However, increased policies and division in different types of tax mainly increases the overall time to deliver the adequate tax, needs to be paid by the user. Fletcher and Guttmann (2013) argued that increased completion time might also raise the overall traffic and might freeze the whole tax transfer system resulting in losses for the government. On the other hand, Heferen et al. (2013) mentioned that with the help of adequate servers and new technology governments are able to reduce system freeze. In addition, with the help of current policies and tax transfer system Australian government is able to promote tax equality among its citizens, which might help in generating high tax revenue. Moreover, the system effectively provides details about the tax slab, rebate, and provisions, which could be helpful in maintaining tax equality among citizens (Taxreview.treasury.gov.au 2016). In addition, the system also helps in segregating capital expenditure to provide an adequate levy for companies to reduce excessive tax pay. Rimmer et al. (2014) stated that identification of effective tax isolation mainly helps individuals to evaluate their expenses conducted in the fiscal year. Moreover, the overall proper levy of tax mainly helps in generating revenues from individuals by providing tax on different types of income. The proper levy of taxing system reduces the loopholes, which might be used by companies to decreases their tax payout. Valenzuela et al. (2014) mentioned that strict rules and regulations effectively help in reducing loopholes and increase overall cash inflow of the government. However, Evans (2012) criticises that increased implementation of policies and rules mainly have a negative affect the tax transfer system and might decrease its overall efficiency. Describing the overreach and overburden Australian tax system currently being used by the taxpayers in Australia: In addition, in Australia the tax system is very complicated due to the changing policies and implementation of the new rule in overall taxation. In addition, the taxation system comprises of sub heading and sub adjustment, which could not be effectively adjusted by the current tax transfer system used in Australia (Taxreview.treasury.gov.au 2016). In addition, the overall complexity mainly lies within its Vat and Service tax imposed by the Australian government. In this context, Creedy and Herault (2015) mentioned that with the help of effective adoption of one type of taxation system could eventually reduce the overall burden on the tax transfer system used by governments. In addition, the overall statutory tax rate that is currently being used in Australia is not effective and does not help in improving the adjustment conducted on withdraws or transfer. This limited approach of the system mainly reduced the ability of the current tax transfer system used in Australia. Tranà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Nam and Evans (2014) mentioned that with the help of adequate tax structure governments are able to minimise unethical tax evasion and increase their cash inflow. The overall GST system mainly comprises of different types of layers with limits and rates, which is currently decreasing the efficiency of the current tax transfer system. Whiteford (2010) mentioned that complicated adjustment system might confuse the overall end user and overburden the tax transfer system. Moreover, Australian government to increase taxes from business is using the current complicated GST system. In addition, the GST system mainly comprises of different levels tax rate, which mainly helps in maintain tax equality (Taxreview.treasury.gov.au 2016). The overall increase in technology has mainly increased the number of service providers in Australia and significantly changed the tax system. The increase in technological pace has also increased the cultivation of policies and adjustment, which could be used in the tax system to maintain tax equality. This increased policies and adjustment has mainly complicated the tax transfer system, which in turn increase the overburdening of the system. Mangioni (2016) argued that without regular updating of software and hardware components the tax transfer system may lose its friction and might freeze during transactions. In addition, the major part of the taxes is mainly generated from payroll policies that are being adopted by the Australian government. Moreover, the strict payroll schemes and policies in different level have mainly complicated the overall tax transfer system. In addition, complicated tax transfer systems mainly overburden the servers and increases traffic. Moreover, the Australian government uses territorial payroll taxation system but has only one tax transfer system. Thus, the complexity of the payroll calculation is mainly affecting the tax transfer system used by the Australian government. In this context, Golladay and Haveman (2013) suggested that governments with help of territorial taxes are able to effectively distribute its population and use the available natural resources. In addition, the overall tax transfer system due to security reasons uses ideal logout system. Moreover, the tax transfer system mainly logouts the users from the system if the system is ideal for some time. This security measures in mainly frustrating and increases the number of users at single time. According to Herault and Azpitarte (2015), an effective security measures could eventually help in reducing hackers from gaining accesses to the tax transfer system. On the other hand, Mangioni (2016) criticises that a complicated security system could reduce users satisfaction level and might increase transaction completion time. Effectively recommending a rationalised tax and transfer system that could be used in Australia to overcome identified shortcomings: Currently the overall tax and transfer system that is being used in Australia is in turmoil and is not producing the required level of output. Furthermore, the complexity of the tax transfer system is mainly depleting the overall satisfaction level of the taxpayers and increasing burden on the system. Moreover, with the help of figure 2, the overall number of taxes, which is imposed by the Australian government, could be effectively evaluated. Furthermore, these taxes have different level of limitation and rate, which is negatively affecting the tax transfer system (Taxreview.treasury.gov.au 2016). Moreover, the following measure could be taken by the Australian government to reduce the shortcomings of their current tax and transfer system. In addition, the current hardware system that is being used by the Australian government could be improved by increasing the number of servers and traffic. In addition, the improvements of hardware technology could help in accommodating the increasing number of users currently accessing the tax transfer system used in Australia. Furthermore, with advanced servers and adequate connectivity the tax transfer system could be effectively improved, which in turn might reduce overall burden on system. In this context, Whiteford (2014) mentioned that use of latest technology mainly helps in reducing glitches from the software, which in turn decreases the overall wait time of the users. Moreover, the software update could also help the tax transfer system that is being used by the Australian citizens. In addition, the Australian government could effectively implement latest software and user-friendly accessibility to design the new tax transfer system, which might help in reducing the overburdening of the system. Koethenbuerger (2014) cited that use of latest software technology mainly helps in increasing the user-friendly approach of the software. However, James et al. (2015) criticises that increasing number of users and complicated security system might hamper the overall traffic of the software Furthermore, the Australian government could effectively uses mobile and tablet application with the current website system to increase the efficiency of the overall tax transfer system. Moreover, inclusion of mobile application could eventually help in reducing the overall traffic on the website and could increase user-friendly approach of the tax transfer system. Fletcher and Guttmann (2013) suggested that use of mobile application mainly helps in connecting the users directly to the servers without the access of any portal. In addition, the Australian government could also reduce the overall policies and implement a one-tax rule on payroll and income tax system. Moreover, the one tax rule will help in reducing the sub divisions in payroll that needs to be accommodate in the tax transfer system. Furthermore, reduction in subsection could eventually help in uncomplicating the current system and improve its efficiency. Stokes and Wright (2013) stated that simplistic software approach mainly help in improving satisfaction level of the end user. However, Rimmer et al. (2014) argued that increased simplicity of the software might not be able to provide the required level of productivity needed from a tax transfer system. Conclusion: The overall study mainly helps in evaluating the current inefficiency of the tax transfer system used in Australia. Moreover, the novice effectively evaluates different types of policies and its affect on the overall tax transfer system. In addition, the multiple policies that the current tax system tries to achieve are effectively evaluated in the study. Furthermore, the novice effectively depicts how the current tax paying system is being overburdened by the changing policies. Lastly, the novice effectively depicts the tax transfer architecture, which could be used by the Australian government to reduce overburden on the Tax system. Reference: Creedy, J. and Hrault, N., 2015. Decomposing inequality changes: Allowing for leisure in the evaluation of tax and transfer policy effects.Fiscal Studies,36(2), pp.157-180. Evans, C., 2012. Tax Governance Issues: Managing System Complexity.Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy,31(1), pp.30-35. Fletcher, M. and Guttmann, B., 2013. Income inequality in Australia.Economic Round-up, (2), p.35. Golladay, F.L. and Haveman, R.H., 2013.The economic impacts of taxtransfer policy: Regional and distributional effects. Elsevier. Heferen, R., Mitchell, N. and Amalo, I., 2013. Tax policy formulation in Australia.Economic Round-up, (2), p.1. Herault, N. and Azpitarte, F., 2015. Recent Trends in Income Redistribution in Australia: Can Changes in the Taxà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Benefit System Account for the Decline in Redistribution?.Economic Record,91(292), pp.38-53. James, S., Sawyer, A. and Wallschutzky, I., 2015. Tax simplification: A review of initiatives in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.eJournal of Tax Research,13(1), p.280. Koethenbuerger, M., 2014. Competition for migrants in a federation: Tax or transfer competition?.Journal of Urban Economics,80, pp.110-118. Mangioni, V., 2016. De-siloing and defining recurrent land tax revenue in Australia.Australasian Journal of Regional Studies,22(1), p.58. Rimmer, X., Smith, J. and Wende, S., 2014. The incidence of company tax in Australia.Economic Round-up, (1), p.33. Stokes, A. and Wright, S., 2013. Does Australia Have A Good Income Tax System?.The International Business Economics Research Journal (Online),12(5), p.533. Taxreview.treasury.gov.au. (2016).Architecture of Australia's tax and transfer system. Available From: https://www.taxreview.treasury.gov.au/content/Paper.aspx?doc=html/publications/papers/report/section_2-01.htm [Accessed on 8 Aug. 2016]. Tranà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Nam, B. and Evans, C., 2014. Towards the development of a tax system complexity index.Fiscal Studies,35(3), pp.341-370. Valenzuela, M., Lean, H.H. and Athanasopoulos, G., 2014. Economic inequality in Australia between 1983 and 2010: a stochastic dominance analysis.Economic Record,90(288), pp.49-62. Whiteford, P., 2010. The Australian Taxà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Transfer System: Architecture and Outcomes.Economic Record,86(275), pp.528-544. Whiteford, P., 2014. chapter 3 Australia: inequality and prosperity and their impacts in a radical welfare state. Changing Inequalities and Societal Impacts in Rich Countries: Thirty Countries' Experiences, p.48.

Spelling and Differently Analysis Essay Example For Students

Spelling and Differently Analysis Essay The analysis of the two short stories Spelling and Differently written by Alice Munro deal with female relationships. These relationships paint a vivid picture of the kinship, deception, challenges, and associations that affect friends and family as they journey through life. Spelling is about the relationship of two women, Rose and Flo. Although from the outset the relationship between Rose and Flo is not clear, near the end the reader has no doubt they are mother and daughter. Munro illustrates the awkward relationship between a parent and a child and the sometimes difficult problems that face children as their parents age. After visiting the county home in an attempt to find a place for Flo to live, Rose spoke of the view and the pleasant rooms. Flo looked angry; her face darkened and she stuck out her lip. Rose handed her a mobile she had bought for 50 cents in the County Home crafts centre. Stick it up your arse, said Flo (Oates 151). The reader sees no affection between the two. In fact, the tone of the story illustrates a lack of acceptance and even disappointment by Flo and shows that there has always been a distance between the two. We will write a custom essay on Spelling and Differently Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The title is derived from a patient Rose met at the nursing home whose only communication was spelling words. After meeting this patient, Rose dreamed that Flo was in a cage and spelling words like the old patient she met in the nursing home. Rose tells Flo about her visit to the nursing home and is obviously trying to influence Flo into going to the home. Flo is suffering from some sort of dementia, perhaps Alzheimers. In this story the author doesnt tell the characters ages, Roses occupation, and other information necessary to develop a clear picture. Instead, Munro makes the reader use more of ones imagination in developing the story. Although Munro is not explicit, the story is about an unhappy relationship between a daughter and mother. In the story the narrator flashes back to a time in Roses career when she was in a play with her breast exposed. Flo showed her displeasure by writing her a letter that said shame and adding that if her father was not already dead, he would wish that he was (Oates 154). Yet, the reader feels that Rose is still trying to earn her mothers respect and love. Another time, Rose invites her mother to an event where she is to accept an award for her work. Flo attends this function, although her behavior is outrageous and it appears that she is already suffering from some mental disorder. Because of her mothers dementia, Rose must realize that she will never feel the love or affection of her mother. In the end, Flo agrees to go to the nursing home. It is not until Flo is in the nursing home that you see a humorous woman, perhaps what she was in her earlier years. When Rose brings a wig that Flo used to wear, Flo makes a joke about it looking like a dead squirrel. They laugh about it and at this point you feel more of a connection between the two women than at any point in the story. An analysis of Munros work by E.D. Blodgett tells the reader that Her most recent work has addressed the problems of middle age, of women alone and the elderly. Characteristic of her style is the search for some revelatory gesture by which an event is illuminated and given personal significance (Blodgett 1). In Spelling, Munro demonstrates this revelatory gesture by the incident with the wig. Near the end of the story it is revealed that Flo has a humorous personality. Her dementia appears to leave and she is clear-headed. The irony of the story is that although Flo, who has had no relationship with her daughter Rose for most of her adult life, now needs assistance or nursing care and finds that Rose is the one who is at her side through this transition period. In the second short story Differently Munro is also talking about the relationship of two women, Georgia and Maya. Munro points out that these women become friends on more than one level, sharing stories, secrets, and special times together. The mood of the story changes abruptly with the introduction of an illicit love affair and the betrayal of a friend. Differently is an interesting story filled with descriptions that fill the readers mind with clear and brilliant pictures of the people, places and locations throughout the story. For example, when Munro describes Raymond, Mayas husband, the image becomes as clear as a photograph. Raymonds curly caramel-brown hair has turned into a silvery fluff, and his face is lined. But nothing dreadful has happened to him no pouches or jowls or alcoholic flush or sardonic droop of defeat. He is still thin, and straight, and sharp shouldered, still fresh smelling, spotless, appropriately, expensively dressed(Ford 191). The descriptive view of Mu nros writing is shared by the Book Review Digest which stated: Ms. Munro is a writer of extraordinary richness and texture.Her imagery stuns or wounds. Her sentences stick to the rough surfaces of our world. She has persevered through periods when her writing was unfashionable, and has deepened the channel of realism (Towers 1285). The title Differently reflects Georgias and Mayas view of the world. Georgia is a traditional woman with basic values. Maya, on the other hand, is a free spirit always looking for adventure and excitement. Georgia envies Mayas wealth and carefree attitude and the fact that she has had numerous love affairs. Maya is in charge of the relationship. The author illustrates this one-sided relationship by describing the way the women always go to the restaurants that Maya prefers. Maya even decides how they dress and act when they go out. For example, There were two places, and only two, where Maya liked to have lunch. One was the Moghuls Court a seedy, grandio se bar in a large, grim railway hotel. The other place that Maya liked was a hippie restaurant on Blanshard Street, where you sat on dirty plush cushions tied to the tops of stumps and ate brown rice with slimy vegetables and drank cloudy cider.When they lunched at the hippie restaurant they wore long, cheap, pretty Indian cotton dresses and pretended to be refugees from a commune(Ford 199 200). Maya has no problem living with the knowledge that her husband knows about most of her lovers. Georgia, on the other hand, has one affair that changes her life. Georgia is betrayed when Maya has an affair with Miles despite knowing that he is also Georgias lover. Even though Georgia knows the relationship will never work, she is hurt and unable to deal with the betrayal by her friend. Munro illustrates the anger and betrayal felt by Georgia, that cost her not only her husband, but her best friend as well. .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd , .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd .postImageUrl , .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd , .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd:hover , .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd:visited , .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd:active { border:0!important; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd:active , .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u07ee98b05ac304520129f3b3ef35fadd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Homelessness EssayWhen Maya came to seek Georgias forgiveness, she said, Georgia this is stupid . I can tell you, hes not worth it. It was nothing. All it was was Scotch and opportunity. She said, I am really sorry. Truly sorry. Georgia put on her rubber gloves and started to clean the oven. Georgia got a vengeful pleasure out of breaking with Maya. She was pleased with the controlled manner in which she did it. The deaf ear. She was surprised to find herself capable of such control, such thoroughgoing punishment(Ford 210 212). Georgia feels great pleasure over acting like this to Maya, because she finally feels in control of the relationship. She never talks to Maya again and doesnt find out about her death until months after the funeral. Munro brings realization to her short stories and she clearly shows that each character has personal values and beliefs and they each view things differently. The ability to deal with these problems vary distinctly in each character. The irony of the story Differently is not the loss of Georgias husband, lover, or the death of her once best friend. Georgia reflects back to the evenings in the book store, the light in the street, the reflection in the window. These were the things she missed most in her life. BibliographyBlodgett, E.D. Munro, Alice. The Canadian Encyclopedia plus (1995): 6 pars. Online. Internet. 21 Aug. 1997. Available http://www.tceplus.com/munro.htmFord, Richard, ed. The Best American Short Stories 1990. Boston: Houghton, 1990. Oates, Joyce Carol, ed. The Best American Short Stories 1979. Houghton, 1979. Towers, Robert. Rev. of Friend Of My Youth, by Alice Munro. Book Review Digest:Eighty Sixth Annual Cumulation. 17 may, 1990: 1285-6.

How to Write a Scene The Ultimate 8-Step Guide

How to Write a Scene The Ultimate 8-Step Guide 8 Steps to Writing a Perfect Scene- Every Time You know how complex writing a novel can be. You not only have to come up with a great premise, engaging characters, high stakes, and conflict that pushes the protagonist toward his goal, but you must also learn how write a scene that compels readers- and fill your book with them. That is a lot harder than some think. Many writers spend a moment thinking up a vignette but give little regard to the scene’s purpose. While a checklist can help analyze the structure, it doesn’t address the process. Need help writing your novel?Click here to download Jerrys ultimate 12-step guide. Positioning First: scene types vary depending on where each is placed over the span of a novel. Opening Scenes should be loaded with character and set up your premise. That’s where you want to slip in important bits of backstory. Middle Scenes carry complications, twists, and raise the stakes. Climactic Scenes should build to a riveting climax, so they might be shorter and packed with action and emotion. Genre Second: there’s no â€Å"one size fits all† template for a perfect scene. The kind of novel you’re writing also dictates the style, length, and structure of a scene, so study novels in your genre. How to Write a Scene Using My 8-StepProcess Progressive steps to help you write that perfect scene: 1. Identify Its Purpose Here’s where too many writers flounder. You’ve likely heard that a scene should either advance the plot, reveal character, or both. Good advice but vague. You want strong pacing, showing rather than telling, and to create empathy for your protagonist. Plus, you want mystery and conflict in every scene to keep readers turning the pages. So, the purpose of the scene is key. In life, things happen, we react, process what happened, and decide on new action. So it’s action-reaction-process-decide-new action. Write one sentence that encapsulates that for each scene. For instance, a scene I’m working on for my new historical Western romance marks the midpoint of my novel. Its purpose is to show my hero, Buck, losing control and scaring the heroine, Angela. I fix that in my mind and make sure every element of my scene serves that purpose. If you can’t identify the purpose for your scene, throw it out and come up with one that works. 2. Identify the High Moment This occurs near the end of a scene, maybe even in the last line. Why? Because most of your scenes should mimic overall novel structure, with a beginning, middle, climax, and ending. Of course, a scene could effectively â€Å"hang† at the end, to add tension and propel the reader into the next scene. The high moment in my midpoint scene comes when Buck goes crazy in an attempt to keep Angela safe. I had established that she is terrified of snakes, and the scene begins just before they run into a mess of rattlers. The high moment is Angela screaming as the snakes strike. Buck shoots his rifle, then slashes in fury at the critters with his knife. I end the scene with Buck a man possessed and Angela more frightened of his behavior than she is of the snakes. This crucial step in the process reveals the ultimate purpose of your scene. 3. Emphasize Conflict: Inner and Outer A great novel will have conflict on every page, sometimes inner, other times outer. Or both. But you don’t want meaningless conflict, such as two people arguing over what type of coffee to order- unless that specific argument reveals something important that advances the plot or exposes a key bit of character. Think of ways to ramp up conflict to the highest stakes possible. Too few writers do this. Every scene- even thoughtful, â€Å"processing† ones- should convey tension, inner conflict, and high stakes. You don’t need explosive action to have conflict. My rattlesnake scene carries obvious outer conflict: man against snakes. But if that were all, the scene would be lacking. The deeper conflict is Angela’s inner angst over Buck’s violent streak. She has resisted falling for him, so this incident creates super-high conflict between them, as Buck’s behavior pushes her away. He intends to show courage and his desire to protect her, but it backfires. 4. Accentuate Character Change Writing instructor James Scott Bell says, â€Å"Every scene should have a death†- of a dream, a relationship, or a plan. Literary agent Donald Maass encourages writers to consider how a point-of-view (POV) character feels before a scene starts and how she feels when the scene ends. Your character should be changed by what happens. That change can be subtle or huge. It can involve a change of opinion, or it could be a monumental personality shift. But change must occur. Why? Because, for the story to advance, decisions must be made and action instigated. Every event in your novel should impact your characters and foment change. But it must be significant and serve the plot. How will Angela change by the end of the snake scene? Before the scene, she was falling in love. Now, her feelings have been squashed. She wants to flee back to NY. Buck drastically changes too. He’s also shocked at the violent streak he fears he’s inherited from his father (who murdered Buck’s ma). Though he loves Angela, he believes he can never let himself get close to any woman because he will hurt her. 5. Determine POV Who is the best character through whom the reader should experience this scene? With novels solely in the protagonist’s POV, this isn’t an issue. But for novels in shifting third person, with more than one perspective character, you need to decide whose POV you’ll portray in each scene. You may find it easier to choose your POV character when you determine the purpose of your scene. Or the POV choice may become obvious. In romance novels it’s common to alternate between hero and heroine, so each gets a turn filtering the scene through their POV. To decide whose POV to choose, ask yourself: Who has the most to lose or gain in the scene? Who will react strongest emotionally? Who will change the most? Whose reaction would most impact the plot? 6. Leave Out Boring Stuff And the on-the-nose stuff no one wants to read. Start your scene in the middle of the action, a bit before you build to the high moment, and you’ll avoid pages of unimportant narrative. Inject important backstory but not at the expense of the present action. Cut anything that doesn’t serve your scene’s purpose. Make every word count. 7. Perfect Beginnings and Endings It’s not just your novel’s first line that has to hook readers. Every scene promises to entertain your reader, to enthrall, to evoke emotion. You must make good on those promises. Study best-selling novels in your genre to see how adept authors create strong scene openings and riveting scene endings. A scene’s last paragraph and closing line should ratchet up the conflict and underscore character transformation. What about symbolism or motif? In my scene, by the end, the snakes become to Angela a symbol or image of Buck. One minute they’re silent, unmoving, and the next, they erupt in a violent attack. Beneath that calm exterior, Buck is poised to strike. 8. Inject Texture and Sensory Details While some writers stuff scenes with too much detail, most tend to underwrite sensory specifics. This step in this scene-crafting process involves combing through your draft and bringing scenes to life with vivid detail that engages your reader’s senses. Your goal is to paint enough of a picture to help your reader see the scene as if on the big screen. Too much detail is boring, as are details that don’t reveal anything important. Scenes serve as the framework of your novel and shouldn’t be thrown together. Use this 8-step method every time, and you’re sure to succeed. To help, I’ve created a worksheet you can download and print. What are your biggest challenges when youre deciding how to write a scene? Does this process make sense? What would you add to the process? The guest blogger: C. S. Lakin is a novelist, copyeditor, writing coach, mom, and backpacker. She blogs about writing at Live Write Thrive, and specializes in manuscript critiques. Get a free copy of her book Writing the Heart of Your Story when you join her novel-writing fast track mailing list here. Need help writing your novel?Click here to download Jerrys ultimate 12-step guide.

Analysis of The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin

Analysis of The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin The Story of an Hour  by American author Kate Chopin is a mainstay of feminist literary study. Originally published in 1894, the story documents the complicated reaction of Louise Mallard upon learning of her husbands death. It is difficult to discuss The Story of an Hour without addressing the ironic ending. If you havent read the story yet, you might as well, as its only about 1,000 words. The Kate Chopin International Society is kind enough to provide a free, accurate version. At the Beginning, News That Will Devastate  Louise At the beginning of the story, Richards and Josephine believe they must break the news of Brently Mallards death to Louise Mallard as gently as possible. Josephine informs her in broken sentences; veiled hints that revealed in half concealing. Their assumption, not an unreasonable one, is that this unthinkable news will be devastating to Louise and will threaten  her weak heart. A Growing Awareness of Freedom Yet something even more unthinkable lurks in this story: Louises growing awareness of the freedom she will have without Brently. At first, she doesnt consciously allow herself to think about this freedom. The knowledge reaches her wordlessly and symbolically, via the open window through which she sees the open square in front of her house. The repetition of the word open emphasizes possibility and a lack of restrictions. Patches of Blue Sky Amid the Clouds The scene is full of energy  and hope. The trees are all aquiver with the new spring of life, the delicious breath of rain is in the air, sparrows are twittering, and Louise can hear someone singing a song in the distance. She can see patches of blue sky amid the clouds. She observes these patches of blue sky without registering what they might mean. Describing Louises gaze, Chopin writes, It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought. If she had been thinking intelligently, social norms might have prevented her from such a heretical recognition. Instead, the world offers her veiled hints that she slowly pieces together without even realizing she is doing so. A Force Is Too Powerful to Oppose In fact, Louise resists the impending awareness, regarding it fearfully. As she begins to realize what it is, she strives to beat it back with her will. Yet its force is too powerful to oppose. This story can be uncomfortable to read because, on the surface, Louise seems to be glad that her husband has died. But that isnt quite accurate. She thinks of Brentlys kind, tender hands and the face that had never looked save with love upon her, and she recognizes that she has not finished weeping for him. Her Desire for Self-Determination But his death has made her see something she hasnt seen before and might likely never have seen if he had lived: her desire for self-determination. Once she allows herself to recognize her approaching freedom, she utters the word free over and over again, relishing it. Her fear and her uncomprehending stare are replaced by acceptance and excitement. She looks forward to years to come that would belong to her absolutely. She Would Live for Herself In one of the most important passages of the story, Chopin describes Louises vision of self-determination. Its not so much about getting rid of her husband as it is about being entirely in charge of her own life, body and soul. Chopin writes: There would be no one to live for her during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a will upon a fellow-creature. Note the phrase men and women. Louise never catalogs  any specific offenses Brently has committed against her; rather, the implication seems to be that marriage can be stifling for both parties. The Irony of Joy That Kills When Brently Mallard enters the house alive and well in the final scene, his appearance is utterly ordinary. He is a little travel-stained, composedly carrying his grip-sack and umbrella. His mundane appearance contrasts greatly with Louises feverish triumph and her walking down the stairs like a goddess of Victory. When the doctors determine that Louise died of heart disease of joy that kills, the reader immediately recognizes the irony. It seems clear that her shock was not joy over her husbands survival, but rather distress over losing her cherished, newfound freedom. Louise did briefly experience joy the joy of imagining herself in control of her own life. And it was the removal of that intense joy that led to her death.

The Issues with Infrastructure Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Issues with Infrastructure - Research Paper Example Unfortunately, the need to build new infrastructure comes at a time when we are dealing with economic deficit. The paper will look into account, the major issues with our infrastructure, including effects of terrorism and natural disasters, funding for departments and new policies aimed at involving private sector in building the new infrastructure. Terror attacks have come up as a new threat against our society and security has emerged as a primary factor to be embedded in our current infrastructure. Security has new found priority, in particular after September 11 attacks. We had to make severe changes in different sectors of infrastructure to reduce the threat. One such example can be seen at airports. Increased traffic has caused congestion at most airports and they have become exceedingly crowded places along with aging infrastructure including runways. Security measures have contributed towards the problem and we see installments of new scanners and surveillance equipment all a round. They have opened up a new fundamental requirement for security and eaten up heavy investments. Terror threats have changed the normal procedures to security centric setup and have left a footprint on the old infrastructure that is modified to incorporate security features. The infrastructure in place for natural disaster includes early warning systems to give government a chance of implementing safeguards. Besides these monitoring systems, rescue teams are elaborately tasked and standard operating procedures for each are very well defined.

Military leavers and private industries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Military leavers and private industries - Essay Example It is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to plan and execute activities/tasks that meet or exceed customer/stakeholder needs and expectations from a project. There are two types of project management - strategic and tactical. Tactical project management, which involves planning, organizing and managing a single project within an organization, while strategic project management, usually a management function, kicks in when several projects are being run at once, and involves prioritizing current and forthcoming projects to meet with larger business objectives. The objective of project management methodology is to provide common standards to ensure that information technology projects are conducted in a disciplined, well-managed, and consistent manner. The ultimate goals of this methodology are to promote the delivery of quality products that result in projects which are completed on time and within budget. Competency is the ability to perform activities within a work function to a predetermined standard. Project management competency includes interrelated behaviors, knowledge, skills, attitudes and values required to perform as a project manager in the particular organizational environment. Project Proposal is a part of project management. ... 4. Preliminary return-on-investment and internal rate of return documents. The theme of this topic is about project management, actually about project proposal on theme: How military leavers (officers) with their advantages and disadvantages can be a benefit for the private industries. Project proposal describes an idea in details, this document includes the outcomes, major risks and an estimate and time required. Such project defines objectives, scope, resources of the idea. It also provides a broad overview of a proposed initiative, including how the manager can manage and deliver the results from the initiative, and a mechanism to facilitate formalized agreement to continue to a clearly set out "next step". So, the Project Proposal is about the problems of military leavers (officers) after their serving in the army. And the problem of this project is about military's leavers' adaptation to the business activity. This project needs approach system in its methodology, this system can define every step to develop the project's ideas from its definition to the final results. The scope and limitations' details of the project: there are financial boundaries, law boundaries and social ones. There are some resources this project will take: 1) time: the size of the proposed idea is not big, about two - three years; 2) money and likes, there are enough military associations having benefits programs for their members, state Departments of Commerce Health and Education, Small Business Administrations, and companies which have been owned by former military leavers, so they can sponsor such projects. The time line for the project completion: there are a few stages in the project: Literature review completed, 4/20/05 Data collection starts, 4/22/05 Data collection

Stand paper on the Priority Development Assistance fund Essay Example for Free

Stand paper on the Priority Development Assistance fund Essay The Priority Development Assistance Fund or PDAF also known as â€Å"Pork barrel† is a discretionary fund allocated for the purpose of providing projects which will promote the development of the different districts of the country. It is released through the General Appropriations Act (GAA) of the congress which will serve as the National Budget of the Government. The amount allocated for PDAF in the fiscal year 2013 totaled for 24.7 billion pesos with each member of the House of Representatives receiving 70 million pesos and members of the Senate with 200 million each. This fund traces its roots from the Countrywide Development Fund of the Administration of Pres. Corazon Aquino. During the Ramos Administration, it is said that the funds were used by the President to sustain his control in the congress. The result of this was the growing criticisms against the release of such funds. When President Joseph Estrada stepped-up as the president, he promised the abolishment of this funds. To show their sincerity, the congress abolished the CDF but was virtually revived with the name of Priority Development Assistance Fund.1 This year, the public was outraged by the discovery of the 10 Billion Pork Barrel scam which was allegedly done through the initiative of Mrs. Janet Lim-Napoles. This crime exposed by Benhur Luy was described by Sen. Miriam Defensor-Santiago as the â€Å"Crime of the Millennium†. B. Stand: As an advocate of progress, I am not in favor for the abolition of PDAF or Pork barrel. Considering its legality, the existence of this fund is undisputable because the Supreme Court, the highest court of the land, already ruled in favor for the existence of this fund. That was held in the Case of LAMP vs. DBM, and following the principle of Stare Decisis, we should follow the decision of the court which already adjudged the matter at hand. Furthermore, many citizens, especially the indigent and the people from poor provinces and municipalities are benefiting from such fund. Moreover, the abolishment of this fund would disintegrate the projects needed by the people. C. Recommendation: In line with the Status Quo and the arguments I stated in my stand, I am recommending for the Non-abolishment of this funds. Furthermore, Guidelines for such funds are already provided in the constitution2 and the Department of Budget and Management3. Moreover, strict implementation of such guidelines is needed to guarantee the safeguard of this fund from corruption.

Hamlet: Hamlet Defeated By His Own Flaws :: essays research papers

Hamlet: Hamlet Defeated By His Own Flaws In William Shakespeare's well known tragic play, Hamlet, the main character Hamlet is defeated by his own flaws. These flaws are the killing of Polonius, the killing of Claudius, and most of all by Hamlet being misled by the Ghost. The killing of Polonius is a major flaw of Hamlets because it got him killed by Laertes. Also the killing of his uncle Claudius was tragic, since he was his uncle and he made Hamlet very angry towards his mother. The last and most noted flaw of Hamlet's was him being misled by the Ghost and engaging in his plan of madness. The first of Hamlets flaws is the killing of Polonius. The death of Polonius was an accident that shouldn't have happened. Hamlet believed the person behind the drapery was indeed Claudius. After Hamlet draws his rapier, runs it through the drapes, and kills Polonius. He asks? "Is it the King?" He then he is drawn into a heated conversation with his mother, Gertrude, over the short wait after old king Hamlets death for her to remarry. He says "Almost as bad, good mother, As kill a king, and marry his brother". The major effect of his killing of, Polonius, was indeed his death. This ignited Laertes' revenge on Hamlet which resulted in Hamlet's death. Just as the killing of Polonious was a tragic flaw of Hamlets, so was the killing of Claudius. This flaw of Hamlets which was to be the solo revenge of Claudius brought upon the death of Gertrude, Polonius, and Laertes. The madness in Hamlet was to be unleashed only on Claudius. Yet Hamlet's path of destruction killed his mother, she was killed by the poison meant for Hamlet by Claudius. Laertes death was brought on by the killing of Polonius. The duel between Hamlet and Laertes, which was the arranged revenge on Hamlet, was the final stand of each. Although the killings Hamlet carried out were flaws he possessed, another major flaw was his ignorance in following the Ghost. Hamlet was warned not to follow the Ghost that there must be some evil in him, but he didn't listen. Both Horatio and Marcellus forcefully try to hold back the prince, but he will not be restrained.

Passing Places and Trainspotting

Passing Places and Transporting. They play I am analyzing Is Passing Places, by Stephen Greenhorn. It is a Scottish play from 1998 which Is set In Motherly. Alongside with this, I will also analyses the movie ‘Transporting', a movie directed by Danny Bayle based on the novel ‘Transporting' by Irvine Welsh. First I will focus on the mall characters In the several works and analyses their development throughout the play and the movie. Afterwards I will compare the play and film, and how they each depict Scotland. In the Scottish play Passing Places, the main characters are the two boys Alex and Brian.Of those two characters, Alex is the one who develops most during the play. In the beginning he is aggressive, angry and tough, and has nothing but hate towards his home-town Motherly: ALEX: Look at this place. Nothing but shoe shops and burger bars. BRIAN: I'm starving. . It shows his feeling of disenchantment with his home-town, but also with his life. It feels Like he needs to leave Motherly, In order to discover what life really Is. HIS life Is full of emptiness, the only relationship he has Is with Brian.Even his relationship with his mum Is poor: ALEX: No. Look. I Just need to go away for a while. Trust me. MUM: About as far as I could throw you. Throughout he changes in a better way. He learns to relax and discovers the better sides of Scotland. He has achieved some kind of tranquility, which perhaps is a result of his meeting with Mirror. Brian is Ale's best friend. He is more clever than Alex, more sensible and more aware of the â€Å"other side† of Scotland. He has a big knowledge of Scotland and is not afraid to bombard Alex with facts during their ride through Scotland.Just as Alex, he is also seeking something besides the walls of Motherly. He knows that there are better things, and uses the stolen surfboard as n excuse to run away from Motherly. On their trip, he meets people who are Just like him. At first It's Loan, but later It's p articularly Frank the Shaper, who makes him realism that there are others like him. They have created a computer program, but also a whole way of life that gives Brian the satisfaction he has been searching for. Bran wants to do the same thing.In the film ‘Transporting', the main character is a young heroin addict living in Elite, called Mark Rent. He has a serious drug habit, and resort to shoplifting and petty theft due to his unemployment: RENT: Choose your future. Choose life†¦ But why would I want to do a thing like that? I chose not to choose life. I chose something else. And the reasons? There are no reasons. Who needs reasons when you've got heroin? 3 Mark actually goes to Aberdeen university before the narrative begin, but dropped out and really hit the drugs when his disabled brother dies In hospital.As a person he Is very dreamy, troubled, sharp, and as a viewer you never know where you are with him – he never knows where he Is himself. He actually manag ed to get rid of his heroin addicted, moved to London to start a new life and doing business. But with his old friends. Therefore, he ends pop getting involved in a drug deal and sells 4 kilos of heroin. He then escapes with the money from his â€Å"friends†, which Just shows that he has changed into a better person and has decided to choose life, instead of living in the fast lane.Both works describes the dark sides of Scotland in the beginning, only to end it up by giving the reader/viewer a good impression of Scotland. All three of them aren't really proud of being Scottish when the narrative starts: Mark Rent: It's Shiite being Scottish. We're the lowest of the low! The scum of the bucking earth! 4 Mark expresses clearly that he isn't proud of being Scottish. If you look at Alex and Brian, their way of talking and living can be seen as a result of the town they have been brought pop to. They are, to a certain point, unconcerned about everything.It is clearly illustrated i n scene 29: ALEX: I can't. I can think it but I can't say it. It's Just It's not part of my language, alright? 5 Alex can't say the word beautiful because during his adolescence in Motherly, he hasn't seen any signs of beauty. The director uses, especially Alex, to criticism the modern big cities. The brings up the contrast of beauty in the landscape and ugliness in the towns. ‘Transporting' shows some of the same things, UT of course brings up the problem of the rising usage of drugs in Scotland, mainly in the larger cities.In the film and play alike, the main characters go through a positive development. They go from being troubled and disturbed in the big cities of Scotland, to better human beings when they leave their home-towns. Both the feeling of being Scottish and the Scottish society are criticized. As a reader, you get the impression that the Scottish society is filled with improper practices and an ascending drug abuse. In order to discover the beauty of Scotland or to live life, you have to move to landscapes or even another country.

Survival Skills

Emergency Planning Immediately after an emergency, essential services may be cut-off and local disaster relief and government responders may not be able to reach you right away. Even if they could reach you, knowing what to do to protect yourself and your household is essential. Creating a disaster plan One of the most important steps you can take in preparing for emergencies is to develop a household disaster plan. 1. Learn about the natural disasters that could occur in your community from your local emergency management office.Learn whether hazardous materials are produced, stored or transported near your area. Learn about possible consequences of deliberate acts of terror. Ask how to prepare for each potential emergency and how to respond. 2. Talk with employers and school officials about their emergency response plans. 3. Talk with your household about potential emergencies and how to respond to each. Talk about what you would need to do in an evacuation. 4. Post emergency telep hone numbers by telephones. Teach children how and when to call 100.Emergency planning for people with special needs If you have a disability or special need, you may have to take additional steps to protect yourself and your household in an emergency. If you know of friends or neighbors with special needs, help them with these extra precautions. Examples include:Hearing impaired, Mobility impaired, Non-English speaking people. 1. Create a network of neighbors, relatives, friends and co-workers to aid you in an emergency. Discuss your needs and make sure they know how to operate necessary equipment. 2.If you live in an apartment building, ask the management to mark accessible exits clearly and to make arrangements to help you evacuate the building. 3. Those who are not disabled should learn who in their neighborhood or building is disabled so that they may assist them during emergencies. Disaster Supply Kits You may need to survive on your own for three days or more. This means havi ng your own water, food and emergency supplies. Try using backpacks or duffel bags to keep the supplies together. A disaster supply kit with essential ood, water, and supplies for at least three days-this kit should be kept in a designated place and be ready to â€Å"grab and go† in case you have to leave your home quickly because of a disaster. You should also have a disaster supply kit at work. This should be in one container, ready to â€Å"grab and go† in case you have to evacuate the building. Water: the absolute necessity Stocking water reserves should be a top priority. Drinking water in emergency situations should not be rationed. Store water in thoroughly washed plastic, fiberglass or enamel lined metal containers. Food: preparing an emergency supply.Food items that you might consider including in your disaster supply kit include: ready-to-eat meats, fruits, and vegetables; canned or boxed juices, milk, and soup; high-energy foods like peanut butter, jelly, lo w-sodium crackers, granola bars, and trail mix; vitamins; foods for infants or persons on special diets; cookies, hard candy; instant coffee, cereals, and powdered milk. You may need to survive on your own after a disaster. Local officials and relief workers will be on the scene after a disaster, but they cannot reach everyone immediately. You could get help in hours, or it may take days.Basic services, such as electricity, gas, water, sewage treatment and telephones, may be cut off for days, even a week or longer. Or you may have to evacuate at a moment's notice and take essentials with you. You probably won't have the opportunity to shop or search for the supplies you'll need. Your household will cope best by preparing for disaster before it strikes. First aid supplies Assemble a first aid kit for your home and for each vehicle: It may be difficult to obtain prescription medications during a disaster because stores may be closed or supplies may be limited.Ask your physician or pha rmacist about storing prescription medications. Be sure they are stored to meet instructions on the label and be mindful of expirations dates -be sure to keep your stored medication up to date. Clothes and bedding One complete change of clothing and footwear for each household member. Shoes should be sturdy work shoes or boots. It is important for you to be ready, wherever you may be when disaster strikes. With the checklists above you can now put together an appropriate disaster supply kits for your household:A disaster supply kit kept in the home with supplies for at least three days; Although it is unlikely that food supplies would be cut off for as long as two weeks, consider storing additional water, food, clothing and bedding other supplies to expand your supply kit to last up to two weeks. A work place disaster supply kit. It is important to store a personal supply of water and food at work; you will not be able to rely on water fountains or coolers. Women who wear high-heels should be sure to have comfortable flat shoes at their workplace in case an evacuation require walking long distances. A car disaster supply kit.Keep a smaller disaster supply kit in the trunk of you car. If you become stranded or are not able to return home, having these items will help you be more comfortable until help arrives. Add items for sever winter weather during months when heave snow or icy roads are possible-salt, sand, shovels, and extra winter clothing, including hats and gloves. ————————————————- Navigation ————————————————- Survival situations are sometimes resolved by finding one's way to safety, or one may need to move to find a more suitable location to wait for rescue.The sources observe that to do either of these safely requires some navigat ion equipment and skills. Types of navigation include: ————————————————- Celestial navigation, using the sun and the night sky to locate the cardinal directions and to maintain course of travel ————————————————- Using a  map and compass  together, particularly a  topographic map  or  trail map. ————————————————- â€Å"Navigation by observation† of terrain features on a map or otherwise known ————————————————- Using a  GPS  receiver, if one is available. Survival Skills Emergency Planning Immediately after an emergency, essential services may be cut-off and local disaster relief and government responders may not be able to reach you right away. Even if they could reach you, knowing what to do to protect yourself and your household is essential. Creating a disaster plan One of the most important steps you can take in preparing for emergencies is to develop a household disaster plan. 1. Learn about the natural disasters that could occur in your community from your local emergency management office.Learn whether hazardous materials are produced, stored or transported near your area. Learn about possible consequences of deliberate acts of terror. Ask how to prepare for each potential emergency and how to respond. 2. Talk with employers and school officials about their emergency response plans. 3. Talk with your household about potential emergencies and how to respond to each. Talk about what you would need to do in an evacuation. 4. Post emergency telep hone numbers by telephones. Teach children how and when to call 100.Emergency planning for people with special needs If you have a disability or special need, you may have to take additional steps to protect yourself and your household in an emergency. If you know of friends or neighbors with special needs, help them with these extra precautions. Examples include:Hearing impaired, Mobility impaired, Non-English speaking people. 1. Create a network of neighbors, relatives, friends and co-workers to aid you in an emergency. Discuss your needs and make sure they know how to operate necessary equipment. 2.If you live in an apartment building, ask the management to mark accessible exits clearly and to make arrangements to help you evacuate the building. 3. Those who are not disabled should learn who in their neighborhood or building is disabled so that they may assist them during emergencies. Disaster Supply Kits You may need to survive on your own for three days or more. This means havi ng your own water, food and emergency supplies. Try using backpacks or duffel bags to keep the supplies together. A disaster supply kit with essential ood, water, and supplies for at least three days-this kit should be kept in a designated place and be ready to â€Å"grab and go† in case you have to leave your home quickly because of a disaster. You should also have a disaster supply kit at work. This should be in one container, ready to â€Å"grab and go† in case you have to evacuate the building. Water: the absolute necessity Stocking water reserves should be a top priority. Drinking water in emergency situations should not be rationed. Store water in thoroughly washed plastic, fiberglass or enamel lined metal containers. Food: preparing an emergency supply.Food items that you might consider including in your disaster supply kit include: ready-to-eat meats, fruits, and vegetables; canned or boxed juices, milk, and soup; high-energy foods like peanut butter, jelly, lo w-sodium crackers, granola bars, and trail mix; vitamins; foods for infants or persons on special diets; cookies, hard candy; instant coffee, cereals, and powdered milk. You may need to survive on your own after a disaster. Local officials and relief workers will be on the scene after a disaster, but they cannot reach everyone immediately. You could get help in hours, or it may take days.Basic services, such as electricity, gas, water, sewage treatment and telephones, may be cut off for days, even a week or longer. Or you may have to evacuate at a moment's notice and take essentials with you. You probably won't have the opportunity to shop or search for the supplies you'll need. Your household will cope best by preparing for disaster before it strikes. First aid supplies Assemble a first aid kit for your home and for each vehicle: It may be difficult to obtain prescription medications during a disaster because stores may be closed or supplies may be limited.Ask your physician or pha rmacist about storing prescription medications. Be sure they are stored to meet instructions on the label and be mindful of expirations dates -be sure to keep your stored medication up to date. Clothes and bedding One complete change of clothing and footwear for each household member. Shoes should be sturdy work shoes or boots. It is important for you to be ready, wherever you may be when disaster strikes. With the checklists above you can now put together an appropriate disaster supply kits for your household:A disaster supply kit kept in the home with supplies for at least three days; Although it is unlikely that food supplies would be cut off for as long as two weeks, consider storing additional water, food, clothing and bedding other supplies to expand your supply kit to last up to two weeks. A work place disaster supply kit. It is important to store a personal supply of water and food at work; you will not be able to rely on water fountains or coolers. Women who wear high-heels should be sure to have comfortable flat shoes at their workplace in case an evacuation require walking long distances. A car disaster supply kit.Keep a smaller disaster supply kit in the trunk of you car. If you become stranded or are not able to return home, having these items will help you be more comfortable until help arrives. Add items for sever winter weather during months when heave snow or icy roads are possible-salt, sand, shovels, and extra winter clothing, including hats and gloves. ————————————————- Navigation ————————————————- Survival situations are sometimes resolved by finding one's way to safety, or one may need to move to find a more suitable location to wait for rescue.The sources observe that to do either of these safely requires some navigat ion equipment and skills. Types of navigation include: ————————————————- Celestial navigation, using the sun and the night sky to locate the cardinal directions and to maintain course of travel ————————————————- Using a  map and compass  together, particularly a  topographic map  or  trail map. ————————————————- â€Å"Navigation by observation† of terrain features on a map or otherwise known ————————————————- Using a  GPS  receiver, if one is available.

Free Essays on Napster

Just do IP Issue 42, August 2, 2000 "People are copying music because they feel somewhat disenfranchised with the options they have at their disposal in the digital space. It's up to the content industry to create value in the digital arena and they've made phenomenal steps in that direction." Talal Shamoon, a key technologist for the SDMI (Secure Digital Music Initiative) Salon, 31 Jul 2000-08-01 JUDGE FINDS AGAINST NAPSTER District judge Marilyn Hall Patel ruled in favour of the Recording Industry Association of America (riaa.com/) (RIAA) regarding the Napster copyright case, based on the sheer size of the infringement that was taking place. Judge Patel directed that Napster should stop its song-swap activities and refused a motion that would delay the injunction until after an appeal had been presented. Napster intends to appeal against the decision. Related article: 'Napster legal scrap could backfire on record industry' Source: ZDNet News, 26 July 2000 CONSUMERS BUY MORE MUSIC PRODUCTS AFTER 'TESTING' A PC Data Online (pcdataonline.com) survey reports that only 16% of respondents supported the RIAA's claim that Napster was in breach of intellectual property regulations and should be shut down. 57% agreed that it was unrealistic to control the free exchange of music. Many users said that they would not be dissuaded from downloading music even if it was deemed illegal. Almost 60% claimed that using Napster helped them in their music buying and 83% liked the ability afforded by the technology to test songs before purchasing CDs or cassettes. Source: PC Data Online News Release, 27 July 2000 CONTROL OF MUSIC DOWNLOADING BEYOND INDUSTRY CONTROL Despite all the media attention given to the Napster case, the Gartner Group (http://gartner11.gartnerweb.com/) believes that music downloading via the Net will prevail. Gartner suggests that it would have been more strategic for the RIAA to find a c... Free Essays on Napster Free Essays on Napster Is trading digital music using Napster Online legal or copyright infringement? First, we must find out what Napster is and who created it. Napster is a combination of â€Å"the features of existing programs: the instant-messaging system of Internet Relay Chat, the file-sharing functions of Microsoft Windows and the advanced searching and filtering capabilities of various search engines†(Greenfield). Basically all it is, is a really cool little program that a person can download off of the internet for free. Install it on the nearest computer, go through the setup, log on to the internet, and type in someone’s favorite artist. When the artist or song name is entered into the search engine part of Napster, it searches the Napster server and files of other users online at that time for your artist or song. Point-click-download, it is easy as that to get what some people call illegal Mp3’s. Mp3 stands for mpeg layer 3, a small music file that downloads quickly from the Internet. Many people have found out these files can be hard to find, leading the explorer to dead ends if a searcher doesn’t know where to go or doesn’t want to pay for them. But in 1999, a person by the name of Shawn Fanning decided to do something about the availability of these files. â€Å"Fanning figured out that if he combined a music-search function with a file-sharing system and, to facilitate communication, instant messaging, he could bypass the rat’s nest of legal and technical problems that kept great music from breaking out all over the World Wide Web† (Greenfield). So, over a period of months in 1999, he created the famed Napster. At 18 years of age, Shawn would become a teenager’s hero and best friend from whom to get new free music. Then these few lines of code and combined programs got this 18 year-old in a lot of trouble. If you look at the back of a CD or on the credits page of a magazine or book, you will find a copyright number and date. Acc... Free Essays on Napster The Napster software (napster.com), launched early in 1999, allows internet users to share and download MP3 files directly from any computer connected to the Napster network. The software is used by downloading a client program from the Napster site and then connecting to the network through this software, which allows sharing (uploading and downloading) of MP3 files between all users connected to the network. While Napster does not condone copyright infringement, there is no opportunity in the software to stop this, or for royalties to be paid to artists whose songs are being duplicated for free. Unlike similar file-sharing applications (Gnutella, Freenet), Napster limits users to uploading/downloading of MP3 files only. These files are compressed wave (.wav) files. The advantage of MP3 files is that they are approximately one-tenth the size of the corresponding .wav file and can be close-to-CD-quality. It is for this reason that many artists, record labels and other music industry stakeholders are concerned by the MP3 file format and applications like Napster that simplify the sharing of copyrighted material. Other file formats in common use on the Internet are not as threatening to the recording industry; primarily due to the reduced quality of the recording. Real audio (.ra, .rm) files have reduced sound quality (comparable to radio) and are usually streamed over a different protocol, allowing people to listen to songs without having (or being able) to download the source files. Another 'music' file format common on the internet is the midi format. These files are of no threat to the music industry because the files are not actually a recording of the music; rather a set of instructions to the computer as to what sounds to play (and there is no way to duplicate vocal tracks). This file format is also becoming outdated and being used less and less. The reaction from recording artists, record labels and... Free Essays on Napster There’s no such thing as a free lunch, but due to open peer to peer architecture music is. In 1998 a group of college students launched this innovative Napster technology. Since then the software has generated great controversy within the music industry due to alleged copyright infringement. However, the music industry has failed to see Napster’s potential as a valuable tool in helping them where previously they had been unsuccessful. The purpose of this program was to give everyone a chance to listen to music without paying. Napster is a program that allow a user to download various mp3s from other users on the Napster Network. An Mp3 is a song, in C.D. quality, which has become easily accessible through programs like Napster. Napster has become so famous for all of the copyright laws it breaks and an alternative to buying the artist’s CD. There is no longer a need to buy CD’s. Many who own CD Burners simply download their favorite MP3’s and make their own music CD’s. Despite this fact, Napster actually benefits artists and record labels in many other ways. It distributes all different types of music, professional and local to millions of people at no price. It also gives unknown artists a chance to have their music listened to. In this way it acts as a free marketing tool. There are many famous artists that favor the use of Napster. They believe that it lets their music get out their and heard thus capturing more fans which can generate income in other ways such as concerts. One of the greatest benefits is that it saves people from having to go out and buy a 15-dollar CD. Instead people can download their favorite songs from the comfort of their own home. Regardless of this, Napster also has its bad attributes. Many artists are against Napster. They believe that hard working artists get cheated out of money because people simply download the song rather than going out and buying the CD. Nap... Free Essays on Napster Ethical Analysis of Napster Technical Issue The Napster software (napster.com/), launched early in 1999, allows Internet users to share and download MP3 files directly from any computer connected to the Napster network. The software is used by downloading a client program from the Napster site and then connecting to the network through this software, which allows sharing (uploading and downloading) of MP3 files between all users connected to the network. While Napster does not condone copyright infringement, there is no opportunity in the software to stop this, or for royalties to be paid to artists whose songs are being duplicated for free. Unlike similar file-sharing applications (Gnutella, Freenet), Napster limits users to uploading/downloading of MP3 files only. These files are compressed wave (*.wav) files. The advantage of MP3 files is that they are approximately one-tenth the size of the corresponding .wav file and can be close-to-CD-quality. It is for this reason that many artists, record labels and other music industry stakeholders are concerned by the MP3 file format and applications like Napster that simplify the sharing of copyrighted material. Other file formats in common used on the Internet are not as threatening to the recording industry, primarily due to the reduced quality of the recording. Real audio (*.ra, *.rm) files have reduced sound quality (comparable to radio) and are usually streamed over a different protocol, allowing people to listen to songs without having (or being able) to download the source files. The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), a trade group representing the US recording industry, alleges that Napster is enabling and encouraging the illegal copying and distribution of copyrighted music. Also, a number of universities have blocked student access to Napster. Universities say they are taking this step primarily because so many students are downloading music ... Free Essays on NAPSTER The record companies can make as much or more money by abandoning their old business model and going with Napster's. They should look at the numbers, do the math, and then join with Shawn Fanning?s Napster. Then again, why do that when they can have both business models and make twice as much money? When Napster first started out, it had around 50,000 users, and as a music distribution service, there was nothing so exciting about it. The concept made no sense to the record industry, which saw it as a glorified bootlegging operation. But along with the MP3 movement, Napster introduced the notion of practical electronic music distribution, which appealed to early adopters and computer nuts. Once the lawsuits began, people saw a repeated free publicity for a littleknown product, thanks to media attention. Napster became a household name within months. But instead of the record companies dealing with 50,000 dedicated users making copies of their music, they now have to face over 5! 0 million. The The number of users and how this changes the money flow for the record industry was overlooked. The CD business is a $13 billion market. Of this $13 billion, a big chunk of money goes to distribution and manufacturing. Meanwhile, many Napster users have said that they will pay up to $20 a month to keep this service alive. The company has suggested $5 a month for access. Exactly how many people would pay is unknown, but I suspect the numbers will be high. If the service were legal and ethical, I'm certain many people who aren?t sure about it would join. Adding special international servers and more specialized subsystems would also make a subscription model more appealing. With good marketing, more services, and legal, free trading of all content 24 hours a day, I think holding 50 million users is possible. I think $10 a month is the right fee. I'd pay it in a minute. If 50 million users each paid $10 a month, or $120 a year, for unlimited access... Free Essays on Napster Just do IP Issue 42, August 2, 2000 "People are copying music because they feel somewhat disenfranchised with the options they have at their disposal in the digital space. It's up to the content industry to create value in the digital arena and they've made phenomenal steps in that direction." Talal Shamoon, a key technologist for the SDMI (Secure Digital Music Initiative) Salon, 31 Jul 2000-08-01 JUDGE FINDS AGAINST NAPSTER District judge Marilyn Hall Patel ruled in favour of the Recording Industry Association of America (riaa.com/) (RIAA) regarding the Napster copyright case, based on the sheer size of the infringement that was taking place. Judge Patel directed that Napster should stop its song-swap activities and refused a motion that would delay the injunction until after an appeal had been presented. Napster intends to appeal against the decision. Related article: 'Napster legal scrap could backfire on record industry' Source: ZDNet News, 26 July 2000 CONSUMERS BUY MORE MUSIC PRODUCTS AFTER 'TESTING' A PC Data Online (pcdataonline.com) survey reports that only 16% of respondents supported the RIAA's claim that Napster was in breach of intellectual property regulations and should be shut down. 57% agreed that it was unrealistic to control the free exchange of music. Many users said that they would not be dissuaded from downloading music even if it was deemed illegal. Almost 60% claimed that using Napster helped them in their music buying and 83% liked the ability afforded by the technology to test songs before purchasing CDs or cassettes. Source: PC Data Online News Release, 27 July 2000 CONTROL OF MUSIC DOWNLOADING BEYOND INDUSTRY CONTROL Despite all the media attention given to the Napster case, the Gartner Group (http://gartner11.gartnerweb.com/) believes that music downloading via the Net will prevail. Gartner suggests that it would have been more strategic for the RIAA to find a c...

Complements in English Grammar

Complements in English Grammar In grammar, a complement is a word or word group that completes the predicate in a sentence. In contrast to modifiers, which are optional, complements are required to complete the meaning of a sentence or a part of a sentence. Below youll find discussions of two common types of complements: subject complements (which follow the verb be and other linking verbs) and object complements (which follow a direct object). But as David Crystal has observed, the domain of complementation remains an unclear area in linguistic analysis, and there are several unresolved issues (Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 2011). Subject complements My uniform is torn and dirty.My uniform is a T-shirt and jeans.Imagination is the one weapon in the war against reality.(Jules de Gaultier)Love is an exploding cigar we willingly smoke.(Lynda Barry) Object complements Jimmys teacher called him a troublemaker.The teachers remark made me angry.The widow she cried over me, and called me a poor lost lamb, and she called me a lot of other names, too.(Mark Twain,  Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, 1885) Subject Complements Subject complements rename or describe the subjects of sentences. In other words, they complement the subjects.Many of these complements are nouns, pronouns, or other nominals that rename or provide additional information about the subject of the sentence. They always follow linking verbs. A less contemporary term for a noun, pronoun, or other nominal used as a subject complement is predicate nominative. He is the boss.Nancy is the winner.This is she.My friends are they. In the first example, the subject complement boss explains the subject he. It tells what he is. In the second example, the subject complement winner explains the subject Nancy. It tells what Nancy is. In the third example, the subject complement she renames the subject this. It tells who this is. In the final example, the subject complement they identifies the subject friends. It tells who the friends are.Other subject complements are adjectives that modify the subjects of sentences. They also follow linking verbs. A less contemporary term for an adjective used as a subject complement is predicate adjective. My coworkers are friendly.This story is exciting. In the first example, the subject complement friendly modifies the subject coworkers. In the second example, the subject complement exciting modifies the subject story.(Michael Strumpf and Auriel Douglas, The Grammar Bible. Henry Holt, 2004) Object Complements An object complement always follows the direct object and either renames or describes the direct object. Consider this sentence: She named the baby Bruce. The verb is named. To find the subject, ask, Who or what named? The answer is she, so she is the subject. Now ask, Whom or what did she name? She named the baby, so baby is the direct object. Any word following the direct object that renames or describes the direct object is an object complement. She named the baby Bruce, so Bruce is the object complement.(Barbara Goldstein, Jack Waugh, and Karen Linsky, Grammar to Go: How It Works and How to Use It, 4th ed. Wadsworth, 2013)The object complement characterizes the object in the same way as the subject complement characterizes the subject: it identifies, describes, or locates the object (as in We chose Bill as group leader, We consider him a fool, She laid the baby in the crib), expressing either its current state or resulting state (as in They found him in the kitchen vs. She made him angry). It is not possible to delete the object complement without either radically changing the meaning of the sentence (e.g. She called him an idiot - She called him) or making the sentence ungrammatical (e.g. He locked his keys in his office - *He locked his keys). Note that be or some other copula verb can often be inserted between the direct object and the object complement (e.g. I consider him to be a fool, We chose Bill to be group leader, They found him to be in the kitchen).(Laurel J. Brinton and Donna M. Brinton, The Linguistic Structure of Modern English. John Benjamins, 2010) Multiple Meanings of Complement Complement is one of the most confusing terms in scientific grammar. Even in one grammar, that of Quirk et al. (1985), we can find it being used in two ways: a) as one of the five so-called clause elements (1985: 728), (alongside subject, verb, object and adverbial):(20) My glass is empty. (subject complement)(21) We find them very pleasant. (object complement)b) as a part of a prepositional phrase, the part that follows the preposition (1985: 657):(22) on the table In other grammars, this second meaning is extended to other phrases. . . . It therefore appears to have very broad reference, to anything that is needed to complete the meaning of some other linguistic unit. . .   These two basic meanings of complement are neatly discussed in Swan [see below].(Roger Berry, Terminology in English Language Teaching: Nature and Use. Peter Lang, 2010)  The word complement is also used in a wider sense. We often need to add something to a verb, noun, or adjective to complete its meaning. If somebody says I want, we expect to hear what he or she wants; the words the need obviously dont make sense alone; after hearing Im interested, we may need to be told what the speaker is interested in. Words and expressions which complete the meaning of a verb, noun, or adjective are also called complements.Many verbs can be followed by noun complements or -ing forms with no preposition (direct objects). But nouns and adjectives normally need prepositions to join them to noun or -ing form complements.(Michael Swan, Practical English Usage. Oxford University Press, 1995) I want a drink, and then I want to go home.Does she understand the need for secrecy?Im interested in learning to fly. EtymologyFrom the Latin, to fill out Pronunciation: KOM-pli-ment